It might be hard to imagine that the Middle East is looking beyond Washington at the precise moment it is being massively disrupted by a US-led war. But that is exactly what’s happening – most recently through this month’s signing of the Mecca Agreement, a mutual defense pact between Mohammed bin Salman of Saudi Arabia, Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey and Shehbaz Sharif of Pakistan.
Geopolitics Bloomberg Aug 19, 2026
